Nephrotic syndrome is usually caused by damage to a cluster of small blood vessels in the kidneys, which filter waste and excess water from the blood. The condition causes swelling, especially in the feet and ankles, and increases the risk of other health problems.
Because nephrotic syndrome increases the risk of infection and blood clots, treatment for nephrotic syndrome consists of treating the condition that causes it and taking medications.
symptoms
– Fatigue.
– Loss of appetite.
– Severe swelling, especially around the eyes, ankles and feet.
– Foamy urine due to excess protein in the urine.
– Weight gain due to fluid retention.
Reasons
Minimal change disease: This is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children. Minimal change disease results in kidney failure, but when the kidney tissue is examined under a microscope, it appears normal or nearly normal. It is usually not possible to determine the cause of the malfunction.
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: Because this condition is characterized by some scarring of the glomeruli, it can be caused by another disease, a genetic defect, certain medications, or an unknown cause.
Membranous nephropathy: This kidney disorder is caused by thickening of the membranes in the glomeruli and deposits caused by the immune system.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (whole body): This chronic inflammatory disease can lead to serious kidney damage.
Amyloidosis: This disorder occurs when amyloid proteins build up in organs.
problems
High blood cholesterol and triglycerides: As the level of albumin protein in the blood decreases, the liver produces more albumin, but at the same time secretes more cholesterol and triglycerides.
Malnutrition: Loss of excess blood protein can lead to malnutrition, which leads to weight loss, but this is masked by the appearance of edema (hydroplastic edema).
High blood pressure: Damage to the glomeruli and accumulation of excess body fluids leads to high blood pressure.
Acute kidney damage: If the kidneys lose their ability to filter blood due to damage to the glomeruli, wastes can quickly accumulate in the blood. The patient may then undergo dialysis to remove excess fluids and waste from the blood.
Chronic kidney disease: Over time, nephrotic syndrome can cause the kidneys to lose function, and if kidney function levels drop significantly, you may need dialysis or a kidney transplant.
Infections: Patients with nephrotic syndrome are more susceptible to infections. (east)
